In these times we fight for ideas and newspapers are our fortress.

In 1844 Heine wrote series of musical feuilletons over several different music seasons discussing the music of the day. The Prussian government angry at the publication of Vorwärts put pressure on France to deal with its authors and in January 1845 Marx was deported to Belgium. In 1815 on Napoleon's downfall it became part of Prussia.

Heine spent the last 25 years of his life as an expatriate in Paris. He was also a journalist essayist and literary critic.