It is the lone worker who makes the first advance in a subject; the details may be worked out by a team, but the prime idea is due to enterprise, thought, and perception of an individual.

Fleming served throughout World War I as a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps and was Mentioned in Dispatches. He was buried in St Paul's Cathedral. Fleming was a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.

Sir Alexander Fleming FRSE FRS FRCS(Eng) (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) was a Scottish biologist pharmacologist and botanist. He wrote many articles on bacteriology immunology and chemotherapy. In 1999 Time magazine named Fleming one of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century stating:.