Today the network of relationships linking the human race to itself and to the rest of the biosphere is so complex that all aspects affect all others to an extraordinary degree. Someone should be studying the whole system, however crudely that has to be done, because no gluing together of partial studies of a complex nonlinear system can give a good idea of the behavior of the whole.

Gell-Mann is responsible together with Pierre Ramond and Richard Slansky and independently of Peter Minkowski Rabindra Mohapatra Goran Senjanovic Sheldon Lee Glashow and Tsutomu Yanagida for the see-saw theory of neutrino masses that produces masses at the large scale in any theory with a right-handed neutrino. He is also known to have played a large role in keeping string theory alive through the 1970s and early 1980s supporting that line of research at a time when it was unpopular.