In a designed economy there would be no trees, or certainly no very tall trees: no forests, no canopy. Trees are a waste. Trees are extravagant. Tree trunks are standing monuments to futile competition - futile if we think in terms of a planed economy. But the natural economy is not planned. Individual plants compete with other plants, of the same and other species, and the result is that they grow taller and taller, far taller than any planner would recommend.

Huxley who was known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy of Charles Darwin's evolutionary ideas. The Extended Phenotype (1982) in which he describes natural selection as "the process whereby replicators out-propagate each other". Lewontin.

He is an emeritus fellow of New College Oxford and was the University of Oxford's Professor for Public Understanding of Science from 1995 until 2008. Instead he describes evolutionary processes as analogous to a blind watchmaker. He is well known for his criticism of creationism and intelligent design.