The dance commonly begins about the middle of the afternoon or later, after sundown. When it begins in the afternoon, there is always an intermission of an hour or two for supper. The preliminary painting and dressing is usually the work of about two hours.

Calendar history of the Kiowa Indians. Mooney was recognized as a national expert on the American Indian.

He did major studies of Southeastern Indians as well as those on the Great Plains. Papers and photographs from Mooney are in the collections of the National Anthropological Archives Department of Anthropology Smithsonian Institution.