These hands which stretch out, implore, beg, then rise to the head in a gesture of calamity.

He also advocated that a newborn be laid on its mother's stomach and allowed to bond instead of being taken away for tests. Leboyer graduated from the University of Paris School of Medicine. Frederick Leboyer (born November 1 1918) is a French obstetrician and author.

Leboyer is often mistaken as a proponent for water births. Leboyer graduated from the University of Paris School of Medicine. Although Leboyer's disciple Michel Odent is an enthusiastic supporter of water births Leboyer himself is against the idea.